It is probable that we should read in Psalm 144:12 not "corner-stones," but "corner-pillars," or supports (compare Greek Caryatides) from a different Hebrew word, zawith, Brown, Driver, and Briggs, Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament, under the word The ancient tradition of the one missing stone, when the temple was in building, is reflected in or has been suggested by Psalm 118:22 (Midrash quoted by Pusey under Zechariah 4:7). In Zechariah 10:4 the leader or ruler in the Messianic age is represented by the corner-stone. In Job 38:6 it beautifully expresses in figures the stability of the earth, which Yahweh created. (b) the topmost or cap-stone, which linked the last tier together ( Psalm 118:22 Zechariah 4:7) in both cases it is an important or key-stone, and figurative of the Messiah, who is "the First and the Last." (a) the foundation-stone upon which the structure rested ( Job 38:6 Isaiah 28:16 Jeremiah 51:26) or While all the passages indicate the stone at the corner, there appear to be two conceptions: Derived from a root signifying "to turn," it means "turning," and therefore "edge" or "corner." Ordinarily it is used with 'ebhen, "stone" ( Psalm 118:22) or it may occur alone, having acquired for itself through frequent use the whole technical phrase-idea ( Zechariah 10:4 the King James Version). (2) Old Testament references.-The Hebrew word pinnah, "corner," is found or implied in every occurrence of this idea. It may throw light on the curse pronounced upon the rebuilding of Jericho ( Joshua 6:26 see PEFS, January, 1904, July, 1908). This was one of many hideous rites and practices which Israel was to extirpate. Under this important stone of temples, or other great structures, bodies of children or older persons would be laid, consecrating the building by such human sacrifice (see FORTIFICATION, II, 1). (1) With the Canaanites, who preceded Israel in the possession of Palestine, corner-stone laying seems to have been a most sacred and impressive ceremonial. No doubt the original meaning was some important stone, which was laid at the foundation of a building. Ordinarily its use in the Bible is figurative, or symbolical. Kor'-ner ston (pinnah, zawith akrogoniaios): Part of the public or imposing buildings, to which importance has been attached in all ages and in many nations, both on account of its actual service and its figurative meaning.
International Standard Bible Encyclopedia CORNER-STONE
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